However, in clinical practice, a considerable proportion of patients with normal LDL-C concentrations still experience atherosclerosis, which leads to careful consideration of LDL-C concentrations as a sole indicator. ![]() It is widely known that an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels is a significant risk factor for the development and progression of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD), making LDL-C the primary target for cholesterol-lowering therapy. LAR can independently predict cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in the general population.Ībnormal lipid metabolism has been closely linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is currently the leading cause of death worldwide. Further analysis showed an inverse association between LAR and both cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Moreover, a significant age interaction was observed ( P for interaction < 0.05), and there was a strong association between LAR and mortality among participants over 65 years of age. The adjusted Cox regression model indicated that lower LAR was an independent risk factor for both cardiovascular and all-cause mortality (HR = 0.408, 95% CI: 0.270–0.617). Compared with individuals without cardiovascular events, those who experienced cardiovascular deaths had a lower LAR (1.13 vs. During the follow-up period, there were 872 (7.0%) all-cause deaths and 150 (1.2%) cardiovascular deaths. The median age in the study cohort was 46.0 years, and 6,034 (48.5%) participants were male. Age, sex, coronary artery disease, diabetes, lipid-lowering medication use and hypertriglyceridemia were analyzed in subgroup analyses. The association of LAR with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality was evaluated using multivariate Cox regression and restricted cubic spline analysis. Survival differences between groups were visualized using Kaplan‒Meier curves and the log-rank test. The final analysis included 12,440 participants from 2005 to 2014. ![]() The present study was a secondary analysis of existing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This study aimed to explore the association between LAR and cardiovascular as well as all-cause mortality among American adults. However, the predictive ability of LAR for mortality risk in the general population is still unclear. Generally, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size can be inferred from the LDL cholesterol concentration to total apolipoprotein B concentration ratio (LDL-C/ApoB ratio, hereinafter called LAR), which is a good predictor of cardiovascular disease.
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